Tenth Amendment Center: Today in History: John Marshall Appointed as Chief Justice
...from Tenth Amendment Center Today in history, on Jan 31, 1801, John Marshall was appointed the Chief Justice of the United States by President John Adams. Nominated at a time of severe partisan discord, Adams hoped Marshall’s appointment would help to counteract the influence of the Jeffersonian Republicans and prolong the political influence of the Federalist Party beyond the confines of electoral consequences. Under the Marshall Court, the Supreme Court determined that federal judges could ostracize the executive office for taking a different constitutional position regarding the exercise of his own duties than the judiciary (Marbury v. Madison), that politically corrupt land purchase agreements were mutually binding contracts (Fletcher v. Peck), that Congress’ role to regulate commerce between states extended to goods transported on navigable waters (Gibbons v. Ogden), that Indian nations that were previously treated as sovereign entities for the purposes of treaties had no ...