Tenth Amendment Center: To the Governor: Delaware Bill Would Allow People to Expunge Some Marijuana Charges
DOVER, Del. (July 5, 2018) – Last week, the Delaware House unanimously gave final approval to a bill that would create a process to expunge the sentences of people charged under the state’s marijuana laws prior to decriminalization. Passage into law would take another step toward nullifying federal marijuana prohibition in effect in Delaware.
Sen. Gregory Lavelle (R-Sharpley) and a bipartisan coalition of 17 co-sponsors introduced Senate Bill 197 (SB197) on May 8. The legislation would provide mandatory expungement eligibility to individuals who were convicted of misdemeanor possession, use or consumption of marijuana prior to Delaware’s decriminalization of these offenses. To be eligible for the mandatory expungement, the marijuana conviction must be the applicant’s only criminal conviction, and it would not apply to charges that were reduced from more serious felony offenses.
On July 1, the House passed SB197 by a 40-0 vote. The Senate previously approved the measure by a 20-0 vote. It now heads to Gov. John Carney’s desk for his consideration.
Delaware decriminalized marijuana in 2015. In the past, there has been some opposition to marijuana legalization bills because laws generally leave those previously charged and convicted unprotected. The introduction of SB197 demonstrates an important strategic point. Passing bills that take a step forward sets the stage, even if they aren’t perfect. Once the door is open, the way is cleared for additional steps. You can’t take the second step before you take the first.
Enactment of SB197 would not only help those with prior marijuana arrests and convictions on their record get a new start, it would also further undermine federal marijuana prohibition. As marijuana becomes more accepted and more states simply ignore the feds, the federal government is less able to enforce its unconstitutional laws.
FEDERAL PROHIBITION
However, all of this is prohibited under the 1970 federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Of course, the federal government lacks any constitutional authority to ban or regulate marijuana within the borders of a state, despite the opinion of the politically connected lawyers on the Supreme Court. If you doubt this, ask yourself why it took a constitutional amendment to institute federal alcohol prohibition.
Deleware legalized medical marijuana in 2011 before decriminalizing cannabis in 2015. These acts removed two layers of laws prohibiting the possession and use of marijuana, but federal prohibition remains on the books.
FBI statistics show that law enforcement makes approximately 99 of 100 marijuana arrests under state, not federal law. By legalizing marijuana in some situations, Delaware essentially swept away some of the basis for 99 percent of marijuana arrests.
Furthermore, figures indicate it would take 40 percent of the DEA’s yearly-budget just to investigate and raid all of the dispensaries in Los Angeles – a single city in a single state. That doesn’t include the cost of prosecution. The lesson? The feds lack the resources to enforce marijuana prohibition without state assistance.
A GROWING MOVEMENT
Passage of these bills would ignore federal prohibition and start the process of nullifying it in practice in the state. Colorado, Washington state, Oregon and Alaska were the first states to legalize recreational cannabis, and California, Nevada, Maine and Massachusetts joined them after ballot initiatives in favor of legalization passed in November 2016. In January, Vermont became the first state to legalize marijuana through a legislative act.
With 32 states allowing cannabis for medical use as well, the feds find themselves in a position where they simply can’t enforce prohibition anymore.
“The lesson here is pretty straightforward. When enough people say, ‘No!’ to the federal government, and enough states pass laws backing those people up, there’s not much the feds can do to shove their so-called laws, regulations or mandates down our throats,” Tenth Amendment Center founder and executive director Michael Boldin said.
The move to expand medical marijuana laws and expunge criminal records in Deleware demonstrates another important reality. Once a state puts laws in place legalizing marijuana, it tends to eventually expand. SB197 is a perfect examples of this tendency. As the state tears down some barriers, markets develop and demand expands. That creates pressure to further relax state law. This bill represents a further erosion of unconstitutional federal marijuana prohibition.
WHAT’S NEXT
Gov. Carney will have until Aug. 1 to sign or veto SB197. If he takes no action, the bill will be pocket vetoed.
Mike Maharrey
July 05, 2018 at 10:45AM
